What is your differential?
What is your differential diagnosis for primary fistula failure i.e. newly created fistulas that can never be used or fail within the first 3 months of use?
Click on the 
to learn more about the causes of primary fistula failure.
Standard of care is to routinely assess the arteries and veins in the upper extremity via arterial and venous mapping prior to hemodialysis access creation. In the absence of suitable healthy native veins for AV fistula creation, an AV graft can be placed instead.